![]() ![]() “These service enhancements were designed to help dealers reduce account attrition by providing an alarm system that’s more relevant and integral to a customer’s everyday life,” said Hill. These new features will bundle with other Alula system services and be available exclusively through professional alarm dealers and system integrators and provide them with another way to increase their monthly revenue. The Alula helps you get a smarter solution in home and business security. Frequently, regular updates were not made, resulting in monitoring centers struggling to locate the right people and wasting valuable time and money responding to events. Offering a simplified solution to a complex issue. Low Voltage Supply is a company that provides the highest quality security alarm equipment, tools, and accessories. We believe that professional security should be offered by professional security providers and that. ![]() Historically, the creation and maintenance of lists have fallen to alarm dealers or monitoring centers. Alula is the leading unified smart security company. System users create and maintain their lists, which greatly increases the chances of them remaining up to date. The new service enhancements reduce false alarms and the related penalties imposed by certain jurisdictions by verifying actual alarms. ![]() “These new tools enable community members to quickly investigate, collaborate and communicate with each other and their monitoring center.” “Both Alarm Verification Services and Alula Messenger enable system owners to create an established support community,” he said. Safety checks on elderly adults living independently.Ensuring children arrive home safely from school.Temperature or water leak alerts from inside the home.Warren Hill, Alula’s Vice President of Marketing, said the service enhancements create a home monitoring and control platform capable of checking on events that might include: The user’s response team receives real-time notifications and communicates with other members through the Alula Smart Security App. Maintained by the system owner, the notification and response community may include family members and neighbors.Ĭommunity members may act on alerts and alarms resulting from detected intrusion events and day-to-day activities based on video clips from integrated cameras. – Ma– Alula, a leader in smart security and system communications for professional alarm dealers, today announced two new service enhancements – Alarm Verification Services and Alula Messenger – enabling system owners to create a community for real-time response to system alerts and alarms. We wrote a blog post describing all of the in and outs of Alula and the devices they offer for self-monitoring which you can read HERE.St. You will also get a list of past alarm history and the ability to give your users and zones aliases so you will receive a name instead of just a user number or zone number. The other benefit you get while using the Alula communication devices is that you will get a smartphone app for iPhone or Android phones that will allow you to arm and disarm your panel and, if you have a compatible system, see system status on a virtual keypad. This is known as self-monitoring where you receive your own alarm events instead of having them sent to a central station monitoring service. Not only can you use this as a stand alone, self-monitoring solution, but you can have the Alula devices send signals to a central station monitoring service as well. The Alula Security Services essentially provide users with the ability to receive their own email and SMS text notifications of alarm events. Total Connect 2.0 Package Monitoring Add-Ons Resideo Total Connect 2.0 puts the control and management of your security system and other devices including lights, locks and garage door openers on your.Central Station Alarm Monitoring Services. ![]()
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![]() ![]() The interface is straightforward and simple, allowing users to quickly find their favorite game titles without spending too much time searching. When it comes to user experience, AniMixPlay offers an excellent combination of features that make it stand out among its competitors. It also provides video streaming, state-of-the-art matchmaking technologies, and access to a wide selection of games from genres ranging from action, strategy, and RPG. If you want to socialize and compete against others other in real time, this is the platform for you. Users can rest assured knowing their accounts are safe when using AniMixPlay. This helps protect against unauthorized access to your account.ĭata Encryption: All data transmitted between devices and the AniMixPlay servers is encrypted using the highest-grade encryption methods available, making it virtually impossible for hackers or malicious third parties to break into the system.įrequent Updates: It regularly updates its systems in order to stay up-to-date with any new security threats, allowing it to keep users’ accounts safe from potential vulnerabilities.ĪniMixPlay ensures user safety by employing these security protocols - the only way an account can be compromised is if someone were to gain access to one’s password or two-factor authentication information. ![]() Two-Factor Authentication (2FA): Two-factor authentication requires you to confirm your identity with a second factor, such as a code that is sent to your device via text message or email. Overall, AniMixPlay provides an enjoyable experience whether you’re a long-time aficionado or just getting started with anime series – it’s an excellent choice for reliable streaming services while taking measures to protect user privacy.ĪniMixPlay takes user safety and security very seriously, providing a variety of features to keep your data and account secure. Furthermore, AniMixPlay’s careful vetting of each contribution from the community ensures that all audio and visual content is acceptable in terms of quality and appropriateness before they are added to the library list. The platform also features a strict age restriction policy for viewers under 18 years old – this helps ensure users are watching appropriate content for their age group. All data collected is processed in accordance with these regulations, ensuring user data is securely stored at all times.Īdditionally, AniMixPlay does not employ any third parties to collect user data or keep track of viewing habits – this means customers can rest assured that their personal information is kept safe and private when using the website. The creators pride themselves on offering a safe and secure service that meets global data privacy standards such as those set by the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA). Furthermore, users can search for content by language or genre, or browse through the diverse selection of featured titles based on their preferences. It also has many great features tailored specifically to anime fans, including contributions from the community and up-to-date recommendations for popular titles. This platform allows users to access high-quality streaming content with full HD resolution and fast buffering speeds. Is it Safe to Use? Here’s What You Should KnowĪniMixPlay is a website dedicated to providing people with a safe, secure and enjoyable way to watch their favorite anime content without ads. Additionally, all content hosted by AniMixPlay has been obtained legally from professional sources and copyrighted material is removed quickly when requested by rights holders. With regard to safety, AniMixPlay uses encryption technology and industry-standard security measures to ensure all personal information remains confidential. ![]() It is designed so users can easily search for anime according to the genre and keyword tags. By signing up for an account, members have access to these features as well as free or discounted shows. This platform also has a selection of web-based comics, as well as fan art and video content. Individuals can also make requests when they’d like to watch something that isn’t currently available in the library. With AniMixPlay, users can browse hundreds of titles so they can find the type of entertainment they’re looking for. ![]() AniMixPlay is an online streaming platform dedicated to providing individuals with access to original anime shows, films, and series. ![]() ![]() This, in culmination with its immersive atmosphere and fully developed narrative, is what makes Firewatch so compelling. Firewatch is a mystery game set in the Wyoming wilderness, where your only emotional lifeline is the person on the other end of a handheld radio. Firewatch confronts this unpredictability and the way people respond to various circumstances beyond their control in a manner that’s very real, and very human. The way wildfires plague the hot and dry wilderness of the southwest are comparable to the moments in our lives when we find ourselves at our lowest. It’s similar to the trials and tribulations of life in that sense. Its wrath is indiscriminate and unforgiving, but following in the wake of its devastation is the opportunity for rebirth. These compelling developments will have you sitting on the edge of your seat as you take a ride on a rollercoaster of emotions.įire is best known for its uncontrollable ability to consume and destroy. The almost constant thoughtful and witty exchanges between yourself and Delilah coupled with some carefully orchestrated plot points make for a remarkably engaging story. Although this sounds like it would be crippling to the progress or quality of the story, the result is quite the opposite. There aren’t many opportunities to interact with people other than with your supervisor Delilah, and even that is handled through the static of a handheld radio. Meanwhile, the game's story progression is dynamic enough to steer away any feelings of confined linear gameplay by not demanding too much from you. ![]() While exploring, it's important that you pay attention to your surroundings and clues, as they will assist you further down the line. Most of time, you’re being driven from one point of interest to another by Delilah, your supervisor and essential guide through the chapters of the story. And it deals with those issues just like. You’re given an abundance of terrain to climb, hike, investigate, and explore along with a map of the grounds that you’re responsible for. Firewatch is amazing for many reasons, but above all because it’s an adult game that deals with serious issues, with realistic adult dialogue to match. Despite its brevity, completion of the game feels immensely rewarding.ĭubbed a "walking simulator," Firewatch’s gameplay is strongly geared towards exploration and story building narrative. Firewatch's immersive storytelling properties will have you completing this 5-6 hour game in one fell swoop. The game has a way of propelling you forward in awe, while also drawing your attention behind you in hair-raising suspicion. These elements, in combination with its thoughtfully placed ambient music and sound, will take you far from the stark brightness of your computer screen to the woodlands of southwest Wyoming. It’s difficult to say whether he’s running from his problems or coming to terms with them, but in this place of wonderment and solitude he finds way more than he ever bargained for.įirewatch has stunning visuals that beautifully recreate the movement and atmosphere of a forest. From meeting the love his life, to losing her and the life they built together due to a terrible illness, Firewatch follows protagonist Henry through a series of events that eventually land him in a lone watchtower in the middle of the Wyoming wilderness. Lastly, the protagonist navigates their journey with the aid of a colleague of questionable trustworthiness.Firewatch tells the story of how a man’s life became subject to circumstances beyond his control. Gameplay emphasizes interacting with the environment and capturing key moments with a camera. Both stories transpire in richly detailed, remote settings during specific time periods. Much like Henry, Rashida is a weary professional who escapes to nature to find herself. Yet judging by what few morsels of information are available, In the Valley of the Gods does appear to be a spiritual sequel (or, based on in-game timeline, perhaps more of a spiritual prequel) to Firewatch. Related: Firewatch Is Getting A Movie Adaptation The adventure story also seems to have life-or-death stakes attached to the player’s actions, unlike the more Telltale Games-esque predetermined trajectory Firewatch utilized. ![]() By her side is Zora, a former partner she swore to never work with again. Set in 1920s Egypt, the player controls Rashida, a disgraced explorer and filmmaker who sets out on one last journey to set things right. Indeed, the studio’s anticipated sophomore effort, In the Valley of the Gods, sounds like a completely different animal as a game. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() 7 Similar posts: Phase 1: Locating the ghost. Its one of the millions of unique, user-generated 3D experiences created on Qnnit. How to use it to your advantage in the game is not clearly indicated. It will glow red after both sides have vanished, signalling that it can no longer defend you from a hunt. Phasmophobia How to Find Ghost (Investigation Method). How to use the Crucifix in Phasmophobia There are various items and tools you can bring along on your ghost-hunting adventure the Crucifix is one of them. Once it has been used, one of the crucifix's sides will separate and then vanish. Keep an eye on your crucifix at all times because you only have two uses for it before the hunting resumes. Step 6: How Will I Know When It’s Been Used? Once you do that, you need to figure out the approximate spot in which the ghost spawns. Use all the usual tools for that the spirit box, the thermometer, EMF, whatever works best for you. You will have two uses for each crucifix. To use the crucifix in Phasmophobia, the first step is to locate the room which the ghost is haunting. Once the crucifix has been placed down onto the floor in the correct radius (three metres), then you should be able to continue with the investigation without being hunted and killed. Try to recall where you initially saw the ghost so you can place the crucifix there when it goes on the next hunt. If the crucifix didn't work, you must have placed it outside of the ghost's three-metre spawning range. To be effective, the crucifix needs to be at least three metres away from the spawn place. This ought to help you locate the ghost in the room. What do you do now that you have found the room and your crucifix? Look around the space to see if there are any interactions. Step 3: Knowing Where To Throw The Crucifix You will be using other equipment to find the ghost room, nevertheless, as soon as you know which room it is in, go retrieve your crucifix. Step 2: Being Able To Find The Ghost Room I advise buying more than one cross if you can afford to. It should be easy enough to purchase a cross in every game, right? Just remember one, as this will be your main line of defence against ghosts. How does the crucifix work? Step 1: Always Buy One It’s important to understand how to correctly use a crucifix, as it’s simple once you get the hang of it. You have two uses for each crucifix you have placed down. When the crucifix has been correctly used, it should prevent any ghost from taking on their physical form and stop them from attacking you. No matter what difficulty you are playing at, this is one of your finest defences against hunts. The range is unclear but it doesn’t appear to be more than 5-10ft.When you are trying to figure out what kind of ghost is on the property in Phasmophobia, using a crucifix will be essential. If the ghost is within range of one of these Crucifix when it attempts to begin hunting, it will delay the hunt. Once you have located the room, place 1-3 Crucifix down on the floor. Head into the house and locate the room as quickly as possible. The trick to using the Crucifix, especially to complete the Prevent the Ghost from Hunting with a Crucifix objective, is to use it early. In the larger rooms, one Crucifix can be very challenging but it’s easier to manage in the smaller rooms. It’s definitely possible with a single Crucifix, but it very much depends on what map you’re on and what room the ghost is haunting. Due to the very limited radius of the Crucifix, it’s a good idea to have at least two, but three is also a very good option. The Crucifix can delay this hunting phase but it’s a challenging and often unsuccessful setup. It’s usually at this point when one of your fellow ghost hunters becomes the hunted. The doors get thrown shut, locked, the lights go off, your torches begin to flicker. Depending on your difficulty level and the ghost you are hunting, they begin a hunt phase where activities usually go off the scale. The Crucifix can be very useful, regardless of whether or not you have the Crucifix specific objective. ![]() ![]() It might be asking for which medication is CONTRAINDICATED. It might be asking for the GOLD STANDARD diagnostic tool. Rarely is the question asking for the actual diagnosis (that would be way too easy)! It might be asking you for the INITIAL STEP in management. ![]() With limited time, it is critical to understand what the question is actually asking you. (By the way, these are my best exam-taking strategies for any PA school exam, not just the PACKRAT!) Read the END of the question first. It’s important to know your strengths (and more importantly) your weaknesses so that you can improve before the real deal, make or break, board exam. Of course, the PACKRAT is typically not taken for a grade or anything other than your own personal knowledge but I like to take practice exams as if they were the real thing. Now that you know what to expect, let’s talk about strategies for taking the exam. *The time you have to take your exam is adjustable between 4 and 6 hours depending on your proctor. The breakdown of topics is similar to the PANCE with cardio and pulmo being the “heavy hitters.” I’ll list the actual percentages of each topic below. There is a list of normal lab value reference ranges to the side that you can open at any time. That math breaks down to roughly 1 minute and a few seconds per question. It is a totally computerized exam consisting of 225 multiple choice questions and you have 4 hours* to take it with no built-in breaks. Also, after posting about PACKRAT day on my Instagram story, I received multiple questions about it so I thought it would make for a good blog article!įirst let’s talk about the basic set-up of the exam. ![]() There are endless resources and blog articles regarding the PANCE but not much about the PACKRAT. Every program is a little different but at UAB, we take it at the end of didactic year and again at the end of clinical year before taking the boards.īefore taking the exam, I did some googling for information about it but did not find much. ![]() There are short breaks between the sixty-minute blocks allotted for each section of the PANCE, amounting to no more than 45 minutes in total break time.My classmates and I are nearing the end of didactic year (WOOHOO) and recently took the PACKRAT exam which is a “practice PANCE” that PA students can take to predict how they will perform when taking the boards. While there is adequate time to respond to all questions, there is no time to squander. It is best to answer all questions on the PANCE, since correct answers count toward the total score. The successful candidate will set a pace that allows for maximum coverage, with no more than a minute for each question. The 360 questions are broken down into blocks of sixty questions. The PANCE is an exhaustive test candidates should be prepared for a grueling six-hour marathon. It is highly unlikely that the PA candidate’s college courses covered every single topic on the PANCE, so it is important to study with some comprehensive works on physiology, anatomy, medical pathology, and pharmacology. The PANCE covers broad areas of the medical and surgical fields, so it is important to assemble a wide-ranging library of medical texts during the study process. Proven PANCE test flashcards raise your score on the PANCE test. Registration can be conducted online, over the telephone, or by mail contact with the NCCPA. However, the examination cannot be taken until all requirements for graduation are met. The PA candidate should register for the PANCE before graduating from an accredited physician assistant college. The various state licensing agencies are also listed with contact information for the various medical licensing boards. The NCCPA maintains a list of accredited institutions on its website. ![]() Passing the PANCE allows the physician assistant to use the certification title PA-C (Physician Assistant – Certified), but the PA must also be licensed by the state in which the practice is maintained. The examination consists of 360 multiple-choice questions on medical and surgical subjects. There are 200 test sites available throughout the United States. The PANCE is administered by the National Commission on Certification of Physician Assistants upon graduation from an accredited medical facility. Prepare with our PANCE Study Guide and Practice Questions. ![]() ![]() Nursery rhymes and kid’s songs accelerate phonetic awareness improving children’s word comprehension, reading and writing skills. This is one of the songs about a children’s bathroom, produced by Cocomelon. Princess Makeup & Dress Up https:||youtu.be/QzIUBQvN7to Baby Songs – ChuChu TV Nursery Rhymes & Kids Songs Abc song for childrenīath Song is a ChuchuTV Nursery Rhymes for children. LOCKED UP Jail Playhouse https:||youtu.be/kMkEaqC-214īabysitting Baby Dolls https:||youtu.be/IGmgy_zaUiA Giant Swimming Pool Water Slide https:||youtu.be/NEZ59NtGpoc Halloween Candy Haul https:||youtu.be/a27Q0LlNZSk Johny Johny Song https:||youtu.be/8KWps11l45g Kitchen & Food Truck https:||youtu.be/g8eqq8EluqMĪBC Nursery Rhymes Song https:||youtu.be/BNTCpF_n6J4 Music Toys & Kids Songs https:||youtu.be/uR-fTBs1tUI Ice Cream Drive Thru https:||youtu.be/srRnCuwhdfQ Subscribe for notifications to new videos: ybt/channel/UCgFXm4TI8htWmCyJ6cVPG_A?sub_confirmation=1Ĭheck out our latest videos playlist: ybt/watch?v=fsHnS3mZglg&list=PL5gq3QGk5j3hRwpMNKQ9L5NyUt3FiTmSy What do you want to be when you grow up? A teacher, doctor, hair dresser, police officer, chef, or something else? She doesn’t know what to be, so Uncle John helps her decide. Additionally, singing songs is a great way to build phonemic awareness – an essential precursor to reading.Description : Jannie pretend play choosing a profession when she grows up. The songs’ repetitive nature helps children learn new words and concepts. Singing alphabet songs is a great way to promote language development in young children. Related Reading: Best Online Learning Platforms Gaining Traction These Days 10. This type of creative expression is essential for cognitive and social development. As they sing along, kids can develop their hand motions or dance moves to go along with the song. One of the best things about alphabet songs is that they help encourage creativity in young children. This helps children learn how to identify words that rhyme and produce verses of their own. When children sing ABC songs, they are exposed to words that rhyme. Improve Rhyming SkillsĪlphabet songs can also help improve children’s rhyming skills. This helps children learn how to form the different sounds of speech. When children sing alphabet songs, they use their mouths to make the sounds of the letters. Speech development is another benefit of alphabet songs. ![]() This helps develop the small muscles in the hands and fingers, which is vital for writing. When children sing alphabet songs, they can use their hands and fingers to make the shapes of the letters. Develop Fine Motor SkillsĪBC songs for kids can also help develop children’s fine motor skills. This repetition will help children remember the alphabet and be able to retrieve the information when they need it. When children sing alphabet songs, they are exposed to the same information multiple times. Enhance Memory and RecallĪlphabet songs can also help enhance children’s memory and recall. This boost in confidence can encourage children to continue to learn and grow. ![]() When children can successfully sing along to an ABC song, they feel a sense of pride and accomplishment. Singing alphabet songs can also help build children’s confidence. ABC songs are a great way to introduce children to reading and writing in a fun and exciting way. When children are exposed to fun and engaging activities, they are more likely to want to know more. Foster a Love of LearningĪlphabet songs can help foster a love of learning in children. By using all of these skills together, children are better able to remember the alphabet and how to read and write words. When children sing alphabet songs, they use their listening, speaking, and motor skills. Improve Literacy SkillsĪBC songs can also help improve a child’s literacy skills. By singing ABC songs, children are exposed to the different sounds of each letter which will help them when they begin to read and write. ![]() ![]() Phonemic awareness is the ability to hear, identify, and manipulate individual sounds (phonemes) in spoken language. Increase Phonemic AwarenessĪlphabet songs help increase children’s phonemic awareness. We have listed a few of the benefits below: 1. There are many reasons why ABC songs are essential. ![]() ![]() ![]() Sign up NOW! Use code: discount, offer expires July 6 at 12pm ![]() I really suggest you prepay because it’s INSANE, good luck, have fun and GO EARLY if you want a mango tree, they sell out FAST! Reckon to spend a good full day there and bring chairs or mat to relax. (photo from Tropical Fairchild Garden’s website)Ĭelebrate the colorful mangos of Jamaica in one fun-filled, action-packed and delicious weekend. Two full days highlighting the king of tropical fruit with tastings, a variety of mango trees for sale, a fruit market, cooking demonstrations, lectures about growing mangos, educational activities, yoga, kids’ activities, artisan mango vendors as well as other treats, delicious food and the world’s largest mango auction! Tropical Fairchild Garden’s Mango FestivalĪdmission: $25 non members, free for Fairchild members (I so agree, that’s how I feel about my cooking classes!) Simply put, they believe in bringing diverse people together over food to create an amazing experience, lasting friendships, and unique memories that can’t be recreated. They are currently in 33 states and has been operating in Miami since 2014. Unlike the current membership, they are creating a new community membership that is free to join and provides access to their dinners and their amazing network of people. Sign up here for future Miami dinners, a free community membership!ĭinner Lab, the world’s largest pop-up supper club is expanding their membership base in Miami. I’ll be attending tonight and will report back! angus beef with grilled shrimp and medallion onions. ![]() Tropez Foie Gras Burger, featuring seared foie gras, sautéed mushrooms and a fried egg, to the ‘Meeerrrica Burger featuring American cheese and pork belly bacon smashed between two glazed donuts or St. This year, IndepenDance DJ’s include Boris, Cocodrills, Vanjee and many more. Guests can recline on the beach club’s luxurious day beds or sit with their toes in the sand teepee-side while watching the night sky.įeast on eight different kinds of burgers – from The St. Tickets start at $20.00, burgers start at $10.00įull details and to purchase tickets hereĮxplosive beats, over-the-top BBQ, and a massive fireworks display across the South Beach sky, celebrated at each of the twelve Nikki Beach locations across the world, Fourth of July Nikki Beach-style has become legendary. NIKKI BEACH MIAMI PRESENTS INDEPENDANCE BEACH PARTY, BBQ and FIREWORKS Check back for more updates and get the RSS feed! ![]() ![]() ![]() Click the Install VMware Horizon Client button.To access through the VMWare Horizon client for the first time: These instructions will work for most Windows, Mac, iOS, and Android operating systems though there may be slight variations in the actual screens you see while installing the software. NOTE: The following instructions were created on a computer running Windows 10. Accessing through the VMWare Horizon Client In addition, if your session is left inactive or if the connection to is lost without logging off, your session and all associated data will be automatically deleted after two hours.īe sure to regularly save files to your device’s hard drive, removable storage device, or a preferred cloud storage service to avoid losing data. When you log out of, all files that have not been saved to a storage device or cloud storage service will be deleted. (See image below) You will be directed to VMware’s site where you can download the VMware client for Windows, MacOS or Linux. The VMware client can be downloaded through and selecting Click Here to Download VMware Horizon Client at the bottom of the VMware Horizon screen. ITS strongly suggests that you download the VMware Horizon client in order to get the full functionality of Cloudapps. Note that you cannot access your files between Cloudapps and your device when using the HTML version. The difference is that the VMWare Horizon client gives you full access to the files, microphone, USB, and other features on your device while the web-based HTML access gives you only basic functionality and limited file storage options. There are two ways of accessing from your device: You can access it through your web browser or you can install the VMware Client on your computer. * Please note that Cloudapps requires USC two-factor authentication. , also referred to as a virtual desktop interface (VDI), is a service provided by ITS that allows current USC students and faculty to access USC-licensed software packages from any computer or mobile device. ![]() ![]() ![]() This section summarizes some of the more common definitions and the relations between them.Ī Calabi–Yau n equipped with a complex manifold structure. There are many other definitions of a Calabi–Yau manifold used by different authors, some inequivalent. The motivational definition given by Shing-Tung Yau is of a compact Kähler manifold with a vanishing first Chern class, that is also Ricci flat. They were originally defined as compact Kähler manifolds with a vanishing first Chern class and a Ricci-flat metric, though many other similar but inequivalent definitions are sometimes used. (1985), after Eugenio Calabi ( 1954, 1957) who first conjectured that such surfaces might exist, and Shing-Tung Yau ( 1978) who proved the Calabi conjecture.Ĭalabi–Yau manifolds are complex manifolds that are generalizations of K3 surfaces in any number of complex dimensions (i.e. ![]() Particularly in superstring theory, the extra dimensions of spacetime are sometimes conjectured to take the form of a 6-dimensional Calabi–Yau manifold, which led to the idea of mirror symmetry. In algebraic geometry, a Calabi–Yau manifold, also known as a Calabi–Yau space, is a particular type of manifold which has properties, such as Ricci flatness, yielding applications in theoretical physics. ![]() A 2D slice of a 6D Calabi–Yau quintic manifold. ![]() ![]() ![]() After the departure of the Romans in the third century, there is evidence of the reoccupation of Iron Age forts and of the building of a series of smaller "nucleated" constructions, sometimes utilising major geographical features, as at Dunadd and Dumbarton. Beyond Roman influence, there is evidence of wheelhouses and underground souterrains. The Romans build military forts like that at Trimontium, and a continuous fortification between the Firth of Forth and the Firth of Clyde known as the Antonine Wall, built in the second century AD. After the arrival of the Romans from about 71 AD, they appear to have been largely abandoned. Crannogs, or roundhouses, each built on artificial islands, date from the Bronze Age, and stone buildings called Atlantic roundhouses and larger earthwork hill forts from the Iron Age. The earliest surviving houses in Scotland go back around 9500 years, and the first villages 6000 years Skara Brae on the Mainland of Orkney is the earliest preserved example in Europe. There was a phase of Renaissance palace building from the late fifteenth century, beginning at Linlithgow. Gunpowder weaponry led to the use of gun ports, platforms to mount guns and walls adapted to resist bombardment. ![]() In the late Middle Ages, new castles were built, some on a grander scale, and others, particularly in the borders, as simpler tower houses. Initially these were wooden motte-and-bailey constructions, but many were replaced by stone castles with a high curtain wall. ![]() Castles arrived in Scotland with the introduction of feudalism in the twelfth century. From the early fifteenth century, the introduction of Renaissance styles included the selective use of Romanesque forms in church architecture, as in the nave of Dunkeld Cathedral. Medieval parish church architecture was typically simpler than in England, but there were grander ecclesiastical buildings in the Romanesque and Gothic styles. Medieval vernacular architecture utilised local building materials, including cruck constructed houses, turf walls, and clay, with a heavy reliance on stone. In the following centuries new forms of construction emerged throughout Scotland that would come to define the landscape. After the departure of the Romans in the fifth century, there is evidence of the building of a series of smaller "nucleated" constructions sometimes utilizing major geographical features, as at Dunadd and Dumbarton. The arrival of the Romans led to the abandonment of many of these forts. There is evidence of different forms of stone and wooden houses exist and earthwork hill forts from the Iron Age. The first surviving houses in Scotland go back 9500 years. The architecture of Scotland in the Middle Ages includes all building within the modern borders of Scotland, between the departure of the Romans from Northern Britain in the early fifth century and the adoption of the Renaissance in the early sixteenth century, and includes vernacular, ecclesiastical, royal, aristocratic and military constructions. Linlithgow Palace, the first building to bear that title in Scotland, was extensively rebuilt along Renaissance principles from the fifteenth century. ![]() |